System of control



Jan. 9, 1923.

N w. STORER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

ORiGINAL FILED APR. 12, 1921.

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Jan. 9,1 923. Re. 15,525. N.W.STORER.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL. ORXGINA-L FILED APR-12.1921. 2 ns ng WlTZiSSES:INVENTOR 6. Norman 14/, 6mm".

. ATTORNEY Reissued J an. 9, 1923.

UNITED STATES NORMAN W. STORER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOWESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Original 1T0. 1,374,535, dated April 12, 1921, Serial No.

193,687, filed September 28, 1917. Application for reissue filed August18, 1921, Serial No. 493,459. Divided and this application filedNovember 25,

DIVISION, B.

To all wiu/m it may concern:

Be it known that I, NORMAN W. S'roRER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Pittsburgh in the county of Allegheny and State ofFennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems ofControl, of which the following-is a specification, this applicationbeing Division B of application, Serial No. 493,459, filed Aug. '18,1921, Norman W. Storer, Systems of control, said application being .anapplication for reissue of Letters Patent No. 1,374,535, granted April12, 1921.

My invention relates to systemsof control and especially to the controlof a relatively large number of dynamo-electric machines that areemployed in connection with highvoltage railway circuits, for example.

One object of my invention is to provide a relatively simple andreliable system of the above-indicated character, wherein the machinesare arrangedin successive groupings that form a non-geometrical seriesto provide a plurality of speed ranges.

- More specifically stated, it is the object of my invention to providea high-voltage control system embodying a relatively large number ofdynamo-electric machines, which number may be represented by m, forinstance, and for successively and operatively connecting to the supplycircuit one group of w machines in series relat1on, two groups of 3machines in parallel relation and three groups of machines in parallelrelation,

the corresponding armatures and field windings being maintained inseries relation at all times.

Heretofore, it has been proposed to employ groups of four driving motorsfor electric vehicles and to connect such motors in the familiar series,series-parallel andparallel relations to effect acceleration of thevehicle. Thus, the motors have been successively grouped in accordancewith a geometrical ratio. According to my present invention, however, Iemploy a larger number of motors, such as 6, for example, andsuccessively group them in accordance with a non-geometrical series,employing one group of six motors in series relation iniwherein a safevoltage per commutator is;

never exceeded, but, in addition, a smoothlyaccelerating and relativelyeconomical system, with respect to the utilization of acceleratingresistors, is also produced.

My invention is further adaptedfto accomplishot-her minor objects, aswill be evident from the following detailed descrip-- tion and aspointed out with particularity in the appended claims( The presentapplication is a division of my copending application for U. S. LetterPatent, bearing Serial No. 493,459, filed Aug. 18, 1921. v v

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the main circuits of a system ofcontrol embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 1s a sequence chart, of wellknown form, indicating the preferredorder of operation of the various switches that are shown in Fig. 1; and

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating the circuitconnections for the various operating speed ranges.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the system shown comprises suitablesupply circuit conductors Trolley and Ground; a plurality of maindynamo-electric machines respectively having commutator type armaturesA1 to A6, inclusive, and field windings F1 to F6, inclusive, of theseries type; a plurality of circuit-governing switches LS1, LS2, LS3 andLS4, which effect direct connection to the high-voltage supply conductortrolleys'Rl to R5, inclusive, and BB1 to BB6, inclusive, whicharerespectively arranged to vary the active c'ircuitvalues of theaccelerating resistors 1 and 2; seriesconnectingswitches J R1, 'JRQ andJR3; parallel-connecting switches M1, M4, M6

and M10; and other switches" P, M, vM2,

M3, M5, M7 and M8 that are employed during one or more of the ranges ofoperating speedsofthe main motors, as subsequently set forthherein indetail.

Assuming that it is desired to effect ac-' ..,celeration of theillustrated motors, the V switches LS1, LS2, S, m3, M, M1, M4, M5,,

M7 M8 and M9 are closed, as indicated by step a of the sequence chart,Fig. 2. Under such circumstances, the machine circuit is establishedfrom the trolley through conductors 70 and 71, line switches LS1 andLS2, the entire resistor 1, switch M, armatures A1 and A2, switch M1,armature A6, conductors 72 and 73, switch S, conductor 74, the entireaccelerating resistor 2, switch M5, armatures A3 and A4, switch M7, armature A5,. switch M8, field winding F 5,switch M9, field windings F3 andF4, conductor 75,

switch JR3, conductor 76, field winding F6,

switch M4, field windings F1 and F2 and conductors 77 and 78 to thenegative supplycircuit conductor Ground.

The simplified circuits for such series connection' of the motorelements is shown in is indicated by steps b to k, inclusive,

of the sequence chart, the various resistor- .short-circuiting switchesmav be closed 'in :positively-energized conductor through i switch M3.

S and JR3 and the resistorshort-circuiting switch BB6 are then openedand line switchesqLS3 and LS4 are closed to com- ..any desired order togradually efl'ect acceleration of the-'machines to the maximum speedcorresponding to the series connection thereof.

To eflect transition of the machinesto the first series-parallelrelation, wherein two parallel-related sets of threemotors each areemployed, the resistor short-circuiting switch R5 is first opened to.insert the re sistor 1 in circuit, and switches P, M3'and M11 areclosed. At this time, therefore, a shunting transition circuit iscompleted .from one terminal of the switch M3 through conductor 78,switch S, conductor 7 4,

switches BB6 and M5, armatures A3 and A4, switch M7, armature A5, switchM8, field winding F5, switch M9, field windings F3 and F4, conductor 75,switch JR3 and conductor 76 to the other terminal of the Theseries-connecting switches plete the motor transition, in accordancewith the following'circuits: one circuit is established from the trolleythrough con- ,ductors 70.and 71, line switches LS1 and LS2, resistor 1,switch M, armatures A1 and A2, switch M1, armature A6, conductor'72,switch M3, field windingF 6, switch M4 and field windings F1 and F2 tothe negative conductor 7 Aysimilar circuit is completed from theconductor 71a, line switchesLS3 and LS4, accelerating resistor 2, switchM5, armatures A3 and A4, switch M7 armature A5,

switch M8, fieldwinding F5, switch M9,

'tive conductor 78.

fieldwindings F3 and F4 and switch M11 to the negative conductor 77. Themachines are thus connected in the series-parallel relation that, issimply illustrated in Fig. 4. In the transition position, the switch Pis also closed to' connect the accelerating resistors 1 and 2 inparallel relation, and the switch is maintained closed throughout theremaining motor operation for the previouslydescribed purpose ofsuitably reducing the effective resistance value in circuit with theparallel-related sets of motors.

Upon movement of the governing con- M4, field winding F6, switch M3 andconductor 72, while the armature A5 is connected in a, similar circuitcomprising switch M7 conductor 81, switch M10, conductor 82,

ductor 79, switch ,M2, conductor'80, switch switch M9, field windingF5V-and switch M8.

Switches JRl, JR2, M6 and 'M12 are next closed and switches M1, M4, M7M8 and M9 are opened to complete the desired motor transition inaccordance with the follow ing circuits, one of which is established 1from the trolley throu h conductor 70, line switches LS1 and L 2,resistor 1, switch M, armatures A1 and A2, conductor 79,

switch M2, conductor 80 and field windings F1 and F2 to the negativeconductor 77. i

A second circuit is completed through the line switches LS3 and LS4 andresistor 2, where the circuit divides, one branch including switch M8,armatures A3 and A4, conductor 81, switch M10, conductor 82,

field windings F3 and F4 and switch'Mll to the negative conductor 77,andthe other branch including conductors 83 and 84, switch M6, conductor85, armature A5, conductor 86, switch J R1, conductor 87, armature A6,conductor 72, switch M3, field windingFG, conductor 88, switch J R2,conductor 89, field winding F5, conductor 90,

switch M12, and conductor 91 to thene'ga- The simplified. motorconnections, at'this time, are illustrated in Fig. 5. The resistors 1and 2 are then gradually short-cir'cuited, as indicated in the,sequencech'art, to efiect acceleration of the machines to the maximum Y7 speed value. v r

In preserving the same reference characters as appear in theparentappllcation,

' are actually connected in the order, reading from left to right, offirst, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth machines. In other words,the ordinals by which the several motors are designated in the claimsrefer to the numerical order of the motors in the series connectionthereof rather than to the numerical part of the reference charactersthat are appended to them.

It will be noted that the system shown in Fig. 1 maintains the fieldwindings on the groundor negative side of the armatures throughoutoperation, the advantages of which, such as the relatively simple andinexpensive insulation requirements, are: well known in the prior artand need not be set forth here.

I do not wish to be restricted to the specific circuit connections orarrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modifications thereofmay be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of myinvention. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall beimposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. In a system of control, the combination witha supply circuit and six dynamoelectric machines respectively havingarmature windings A1 to A6 and field windings F1 to F6, of means forconnecting the several machine windings to the supplycircuit in thefollowing groupings to produce three different ranges of operatingspeeds :A1., A2, A6, A3, A4, A5, F5, F3, F4, F6, F1 and F2; A1, A2, A6,F6, F1 and F2 in parallel relation to A3, A4, A5, F5, F3 and F4; and A1,A2, F1 and F2 in parallel relation to A3, A4, F3 and F4 and also to A5,A6, F6 and F5.

2. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and sixdynamoelectric machines severally having armatures and field windings,of means for initially connecting all the armatures and field windingsto the supply circuit in series relation, for subsequently connectingthe machines in two parallel groups to the supply circuit, respectivelyincluding the first, second, and third machines, and the fourth, fifthand sixth machines, and for finally connecting the machines in threeparallel groups to the supply circuit, respectively including the firstand second machines, the fourth and fifth machines, and the third andsixth machines, closed machine circuits being maintained throughout themachine operation.

3. In a system of .control, the combination with six dynamo-electricmachines severally having armatures and field windings, of means forinitially connecting all the armatures and field windings in seriesrelation, .for subsequently connecting the machines in two parallelgroups, respectively including the first, second and third machines, andthe fourth, fifth and sixth niachines, and for finally connecting themachines in three parallel groups, respectively including the first andsecond machines, the fourth andv fifth machines, and the third and sixthmachines, the corresponding armatures and field windings beingmaintained in series relation and closed machine circuits beingmaintained throughout the machine operation.

4. In a system of control, the combination with a'supply circuit and sixdynamo-electric machines severally having armatures and field windings,of means for initially connecting all the armatures and field windingsto the supply circuit in series relation, for subsequently connectingthe machines in two parallel groups to the supply circuit, respectivelyincluding the first, second and third machines, and the fourth, fifthand sixth machines, and for finally connecting the machines in threeparallel groups to the supply circuit, respectively including the firstand second machines, the fourth and fifth machines, and the third andsixth machines, said field windings being maintained upon the negativeside of the respective armatures throughout the machine operation.

5. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and sixdynamo-elem tric machines severally having armatures and field windings,of means for initially connecting all the armatures and field windingsto the supply circuit in series relation, for subsequently connectingthe machines in two parallel groups to the supply circuit, respectivelyincluding the first, second and third machines, and the fourth, fifthand sixth machines, and for finally connecting the six machines in threeparallel; groups to the supply circuit, continuous closed-circuittransitions being employed in all cases.

6. In a system of control, the combination with six dynamo-electricmachines severally having armatures and field windings, of means forinitially connecting all the armatures and field windings in seriesrelation, for subsequently connecting the machines in two parallelgroups, and for finally connecting the machines in three parallelgroups, respectively including the first and second machines, and fourthand fifth machines, and the third and sixth machines, continuousclosed-circuit transitions being employed in all cases.

7. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit and sixdynamo-electric machines severally having armatures and field windings,of .means, for initially connecting all the armatures and field windingsto the supply circuit in series relation, for subsequently connectingthe machinesin two parallel groups to the supply circuit, respectivelyincluding the first, second and third machines, and the fourth, fifthand sixth machines, and for finally connecting the machines in threeparallel groups to the supply circuit, said field windings beingmaintained upon the negative side of the respective armatures throughoutthe machine operation.

8. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit andsixdynamo-electricmachines severally having armatures and fieldwindings, of means for initially connecting all the armatures and fieldwindings to the supply circuit in series relation in a certain order,for subsequently connecting the machines in two parallel groups,respectively including the first, second and third machines, and thefourth, fifth and sixth machines, and for finally connecting themachines in three parallel groups, respectively including the first andsecond machines, the fourth and fifth machines, and the sixth and thirdmachines, all of the field windings being maintained on a predeterminedside of all of the armatures throughout the machine operation.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 23rd dayof November 1921.

NORMAN w. STORER.

